The economic value that countries generate for the global community often differs significantly from the benefits they derive domestically. According to research by CEPR, some nations contribute disproportionately to international economic growth through trade, innovation, and financial stability, while their internal economic gains may not reflect this level of external impact. This divergence highlights the complex interplay between national policies and global economic dynamics. For instance, certain economies act as hubs for technological diffusion or serve as critical links in supply chains, amplifying their external value. Meanwhile, domestic productivity and welfare improvements may lag due to structural constraints or distributional challenges. The findings underscore the importance of assessing national contributions beyond traditional GDP metrics.
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The economic value nations create for others relative to domestic gains CEPR